Moisture Retention Curve Systems

Moisture Retention Curve Systems Featured Image

SoilMoisture’s MC Lab Setups are the main (direct) method for creating Soil Moisture Retention Curve. SoilMoisture Lab Setups are capable of processing tens of samples at the same time with minimal sample preparation.

Our durable lab setups are designed to work with massive numbers of soil samples every day. With minimal maintenance or repair, they’ll last for a lifetime. That is why SoilMoisture Lab Setups are almost always the preferred systems in commercial soil labs, research institutes, and universities.

The range of pressure application is the main factor for selecting the right MC Lab Setup.

Moisture Retention Curve System Products

Moisture Retention Curve System, 5 bar and 15 bar Application Range, 220V, Moisture Retention Curve System, 5 bar and 15 bar Application Range, Less Compressor, Moisture Retention Curve System, 5 bar and 15 bar Application Range, 110V
MC Complete Lab Setup Systems
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LAB03V1
Moisture Retention Curve System, 5 bar Application Range, 110V
Moisture Retention Curve System, 5 bar Application Range, Less Compressor, Moisture Retention Curve System, 5 bar Application Range, 110V, Moisture Retention Curve System, 5 bar Application Range, 220V
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Moisture Retention Curve System, 5 bar Application Range, 110V
LAB03V2
Moisture Retention Curve System, 5 bar Application Range, 220V
Moisture Retention Curve System, 5 bar Application Range, Less Compressor, Moisture Retention Curve System, 5 bar Application Range, 110V, Moisture Retention Curve System, 5 bar Application Range, 220V
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Moisture Retention Curve System, 5 bar Application Range, 220V
MC5-N
Moisture Retention Curve System, 5 bar Application Range, Less Compressor
Moisture Retention Curve System, 5 bar Application Range, Less Compressor, Moisture Retention Curve System, 5 bar Application Range, 110V, Moisture Retention Curve System, 5 bar Application Range, 220V
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Moisture Retention Curve System, 5 bar Application Range, Less Compressor
LAB02V1
Moisture Retention Curve System, Complete, 15 bar Application Range, 110V
Moisture Retention Curve System, 15 bar Application Range, Less Compressor, Moisture Retention Curve System, Complete, 15 bar Application Range, 220V, Moisture Retention Curve System, Complete, 15 bar Application Range, 110V
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Moisture Retention Curve System, Complete, 15 bar Application Range, 110V
LAB02V2
Moisture Retention Curve System, Complete, 15 bar Application Range, 220V
Moisture Retention Curve System, 15 bar Application Range, Less Compressor, Moisture Retention Curve System, Complete, 15 bar Application Range, 220V, Moisture Retention Curve System, Complete, 15 bar Application Range, 110V
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Moisture Retention Curve System, Complete, 15 bar Application Range, 220V
MC15-N
Moisture Retention Curve System, 15 bar Application Range, Less Compressor
Moisture Retention Curve System, 15 bar Application Range, Less Compressor, Moisture Retention Curve System, Complete, 15 bar Application Range, 220V, Moisture Retention Curve System, Complete, 15 bar Application Range, 110V
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Moisture Retention Curve System, 15 bar Application Range, Less Compressor
LAB023V1
Moisture Retention Curve System, 5 bar and 15 bar Application Range, 110V
Moisture Retention Curve System, 5 bar and 15 bar Application Range, 220V, Moisture Retention Curve System, 5 bar and 15 bar Application Range, Less Compressor, Moisture Retention Curve System, 5 bar and 15 bar Application Range, 110V
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Moisture Retention Curve System, 5 bar and 15 bar Application Range, 110V
LAB023V2
Moisture Retention Curve System, 5 bar and 15 bar Application Range, 220V
Moisture Retention Curve System, 5 bar and 15 bar Application Range, 220V, Moisture Retention Curve System, 5 bar and 15 bar Application Range, Less Compressor, Moisture Retention Curve System, 5 bar and 15 bar Application Range, 110V
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Moisture Retention Curve System, 5 bar and 15 bar Application Range, 220V
YLAB023
Moisture Retention Curve System, 5 bar and 15 bar Application Range, Less Compressor
Moisture Retention Curve System, 5 bar and 15 bar Application Range, 220V, Moisture Retention Curve System, 5 bar and 15 bar Application Range, Less Compressor, Moisture Retention Curve System, 5 bar and 15 bar Application Range, 110V
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Moisture Retention Curve System, 5 bar and 15 bar Application Range, Less Compressor
1768B-.15SYS3
Moisture Retention Curve System, 3x Sandbox Tension Tables, 0 to 15 cbar Vacuum Range, Shelf is Not Included
Moisture Retention Curve System, 3x Sandbox Tension Tables, 0 to 15 cbar Vacuum Range, Shelf is Not Included
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Moisture Retention Curve System, 3x Sandbox Tension Tables, 0 to 15 cbar Vacuum Range, Shelf is Not Included
LAB09G4
Moisture Retention Curve System, Ceramic Tension Table, 0 to 75 cbar Vacuum Range
Moisture Retention Curve System, Ceramic Tension Table, 0 to 75 cbar Vacuum Range
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Moisture Retention Curve System, Ceramic Tension Table, 0 to 75 cbar Vacuum Range
LAB1425F1
Moisture Retention Curve System, 5X TM5 Tempe Cell Setup, 2 bar Application Range
Moisture Retention Curve System, 5X TM5 Tempe Cell Setup, 2 bar Application Range
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Moisture Retention Curve System, 5X TM5 Tempe Cell Setup, 2 bar Application Range
SB15, Pressure Vessel, 15 bar Application Range, Rust Resistant (Water+), Including 1080G1 Hing, SB15, Pressure Vessel, 15 bar Application Range, Rust Resistant (Water+), Less 1080G1 Hinge
Lab Setups Components
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1600F1
SB5, Pressure Vessel, 5 bar Application Range, Rust resistant (Water+)
SB5, Pressure Vessel, 5 bar Application Range, Rust resistant (Water+)
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: SB5
1500F2
SB15, Pressure Vessel, 15 bar Application Range, Rust Resistant (Water+), Less 1080G1 Hinge
SB15, Pressure Vessel, 15 bar Application Range, Rust Resistant (Water+), Including 1080G1 Hing, SB15, Pressure Vessel, 15 bar Application Range, Rust Resistant (Water+), Less 1080G1 Hinge
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: SB15
PV15
SB15, Pressure Vessel, 15 bar Application Range, Rust Resistant (Water+), Including 1080G1 Hing
SB15, Pressure Vessel, 15 bar Application Range, Rust Resistant (Water+), Including 1080G1 Hing, SB15, Pressure Vessel, 15 bar Application Range, Rust Resistant (Water+), Less 1080G1 Hinge
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: SB15
0700G5
Precision Pressure Stabilizer Manifold, 1 bar Application Range, Non-Relieving
Precision Pressure Stabilizer Manifiold, 1 bar Application Range, Non-Relieving
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Precision Pressure Stabilizer Manifold, 1 bar Application Range, Non-Relieving
0700G6
TM5, Precision Pressure Stabilizer Manifold, 2 bar Application Range, Non-Relieving
TM5, Precision Pressure Stabilizer Manifiold, 2 bar Application Range, Non-Relieving
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: TM5
0700G3F1
PV5, Pressure Stabilizer Manifold, 5 bar Application Range
PV5, Pressure Stabilizer Manifiold, 5 bar Application Range
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: PV5
0700G2
PV15, Pressure Stabilizer Manifold, 15 bar Application Range
PV15, Pressure Stabilizer Manifiold, 15 bar Application Range
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: PV15
0725G2
Precision Vacuum Stabilizer Manifold, -34 cbar Application Range
Precision Vacuum Stabilizer Manifiold, -34 cbar Application Range
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Precision Vacuum Stabilizer Manifold, -34 cbar Application Range
0725G1
MCT75, Precision Vacuum Stabilizer Manifold, -100 cbar Application Range
MCT75, Precision Vacuum Stabilizer Manifiold, -100 cbar Application Range
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: MCT75
0500F1G3
MC5/15, Heavy Duty Air Compressor, 20 bar, 110V
MC5/15, Heavy Duty Air Compressor, 20 bar, 220V, MC5/15, Heavy Duty Air Compressor, 20 bar, 110V
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: MC5, MC15, MC5N15  
This safety warning is provided in compliance with the Section 25603(a) of the California Code of Regulations (CCR).
0500F1G4
MC5/15, Heavy Duty Air Compressor, 20 bar, 220V
MC5/15, Heavy Duty Air Compressor, 20 bar, 220V, MC5/15, Heavy Duty Air Compressor, 20 bar, 110V
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: MC5, MC15, MC5N15
2008F2
MC2/MCT, Automated Pressure/Vacuum Pump, -1 to +10 bar, 110V
MC2/MCT, Automated Pressure/Vacuum Pump, -1 to +10 bar, 110V
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: MC2, MCT
0675B0
Extraction Plate, Zero Tension, for Sandbox Tension Table, used with 325 Mesh Sand (SKU 932-10)
Extraction Plate, Zero Tension, for Sandbox Tension Table, used with 325 Mesh Sand (SKU 932-10)
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: MCT15
0675B0.5M2
Extraction Plate, Ceramic Type FB (0.5 bar Application Range)
Extraction Plate, Ceramic Type FB (0.5 bar Application Range)
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Extraction Plate, Ceramic Type FB (0.5 bar Application Range)
0675B01M1
Extraction Plate, Ceramic Type: Type 1B (1 bar Application Range)
Extraction Plate, Ceramic Type: Type 1B (1 bar Application Range)
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Extraction Plate, Ceramic Type: Type 1B (1 bar Application Range)
0675B01M3
Extraction Plate, Ceramic Type 1HB (1 bar Application Range, High Flow)
Extraction Plate, Ceramic Type 1HB (1 bar Application Range, High Flow)
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: MC5, MC15, MC5N15, MCT75
0675B02M1
Extraction Plate, Ceramic Type 2B (2 bar Application Range)
Extraction Plate, Ceramic Type 2B (2 bar Application Range)
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Extraction Plate, Ceramic Type 2B (2 bar Application Range)
0675B03M1
Extraction Plate, Ceramic Type 3B (3 bar Application Range)
Extraction Plate, Ceramic Type 3B (3 bar Application Range)
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: MC5, MC15, MC5N15
0675B05M1
Extraction Plate, Ceramic Type 5B (5 bar Application Range)
Extraction Plate, Ceramic Type 5B (5 bar Application Range)
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: MC5, MC15, MC5N15
0675B15M1
Extraction Plate, Ceramic Type 15B (15 bar Application Range)
Extraction Plate, Ceramic Type 15B (15 bar Application Range)
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: MC5, MC15, MC5N15
Replacement Parts
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0780P0015
SB1, 6" Dial Pressure Gauge, 1 bar
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: SB1
0780P0030
SB2, 6" Dial Pressure Gauge, 2 bar
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: SB2
0780P0100
SB5, 6" Dial Pressure Gauge, 6.5 bar
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: SB5
0780P0300
SB15, 6" Dial Pressure Gauge, 20 bar
SB15, 6" Dial Pressure Gauge, 20 bar
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: SB15
0780V0005
SBT34, 6" Dial Vacuum Gauge, -0.34 cbar
SBT34, 6" Dial Vacuum Gauge, -0.34 cbar
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: SBT34
0780V0015
SBT100, 6" Dial Vacuum Gauge, -100 cbar
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: SBT100
0767P0300L05
SB, Nitrogen Tank to Pressure Stabilizer, Regulator plus 5 ft High Pressure Hose, 20 bar range
SB, Nitrogen Tank to Pressure Stabilizer, Regulator plus 5 ft High Pressure Hose, 20 bar range
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: SB
0775L60
SB15/PV15, Connecting Hose, 15 bar Application Range, 5 ft Length
SB15/PV15, Connecting Hose, 15 bar Application Range, 5 ft Length
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: SB15, PV15
0776L60
SB5/PV5/PV5H, Connecting Hose, 5 bar Application Range, 5 ft Length
SB5/PV5/PV5H, Connecting Hose, 5 bar Application Range, 5 ft Length
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: SB5, PV5, PV5H
0779G1
SB/PM, Connecting Hose, Pressure Stabilizer to Compressor, 20 bar Application Range, 5 ft Lenth,
SB/PM, Connecting Hose, Pressure Stabilizer to Compressor, 20 bar Application Range, 5 ft Lenth,
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: SB, PM
1425F1-1000L60
SB/TM, Connecting Hose, 2 bar Application Range, 5 ft Length
SB/TM, Connecting Hose, 2 bar Application Range, 5 ft Length
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: SB, TM
0700K2X03
SB, 1-to-3 Multiplexer for Pressure/Vacuum Stabilizers
SB, 1-to-3 Multiplexer for Pressure/Vacuum Stabilizers
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: SB
0760G1
SB, Air Filter, 300 psi, for Pressure Stabilizers
SB, Air Filter, 300 psi, for Pressure Stabilizers
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: SB
1055K1 + 4X 1060G2K1
EP, Plate Drainage Kit, Pack of 4
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: EP
M802X006PKG24
EP, O-Ring for EP Right-angle Outflow Connection, Pack of 24
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: EP
0675TC
EP, Outflow Collector
EP, Outflow Collector
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: EP
0675DT
EP, Extraction Plate Flow Meter
EP, Extraction Plate Flow Meter
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: EP
1093F2
EP, Soil Sample Retaining Ring, 1 cm tall, 2.375" OD, with 140- 150 Nylon Mesh, Pack of 12
EP, Soil Sample Retaining Ring, 1 cm tall, 2.375" OD, with 140- 150 Nylon Mesh, Pack of 12
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: EP
1530
EP, 1093, Funnel and Pestel
EP, 1093, Funnel and Pestel
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: EP, 1093F
1510-005PKG100
EP, Paper Filter, Pack of 100
PF50 Used in/with: TM5, EP, Paper Filter, Pack of 100
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: EP
1540K1
EPMC, SOIL SPECIMEN PREP KIT
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: MC
0675D12X4K1
MCT, Saturation Pan Assembly less Extraction Plate, 12" Dia., 4" Height
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: MCT
0932W010
MCT15, Silica Powder, 325 Mesh, 10 lb Bag
MCT15, Silica Powder, 325 Mesh, 10 lb Bag
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: MCT15
1057K1
PV5/PV15, Complete Plug Bolt Kit, Set of 5
PV5/PV15, Complete Plug Bolt Kit, Set of 5
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: PV5, PV15
M802X010PKG24
PV5/PV15, O-Ring for Plug Bolts, PV5 and PV15, 24-Pack
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: PV5, PV15
M802X453PKG02
PV5/PV15, O-Ring, Lid Seal, 2-PACK
PV5/PV15, O-Ring, Lid Seal, 2-PACK
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: PV5, PV15
1065
PV5/PV15, HIGH PRESSURE ELECTRICAL LEADTHROUGH
PV5/PV15, HIGH PRESSURE ELECTRICAL LEADTHROUGH
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: PV5, PV15
Z1500-004PKG10
PV5/PV15, Plastic Spacer, 10-Pack
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: PV5, PV15
1080G1
PV15, PM HINGE, INCLUDES 1081 ADAPTER PLATE
PV15, PM HINGE, INCLUDES 1081 ADAPTER PLATE
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: PV15
1500-002
PV15, TRIANGULAR SUPPORT FOR 1500F2 EXTRACTOR
PV15, TRIANGULAR SUPPORT FOR 1500F2 EXTRACTOR
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: PV15
1500-008
PV15, NEOPRENE PAD
PV15, NEOPRENE PAD
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: PV15
Z1596K1
PV15, Complete Bolt Kit, Set of 8
PV15, Complete Bolt Kit, Set of 8
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: PV15
1500F2UGD
PV15, Upgrade to Water+ (USA and Canada only)
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: PV15
Z1600-004
PV5, INLET FITTING
PV5, INLET FITTING
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: PV5
Z1696K1
PV5, Complete Bolt Kit, Set of 6
PV5, Complete Bolt Kit, Set of 6
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: PV5
1600F1UGD
PV5, Upgrade to Water+ (USA and Canada only)
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: PV5
TM5
TM5 Complete Tempe Cell, Extraction Plates are NOT included
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: TM5
TM5-CP
TM5, Tempe Cell Cap
TM5, Tempe Cell Cap
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: TM5
SR5-5
TM5, Sample Ring, 5cm ID, 5cm Length, 100 mL Volume
TM5, Sample Ring, 5cm ID, 5cm Length, 100 mL Volume
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: TM5
SR8-5
TM8, Sample Ring, 8cm ID, 5cm Length, 250 mL Volume
TM8, Sample Ring, 8cm ID, 5cm Length, 250 mL Volume
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: TM5
TM5-EPF
TM5, Tempe Cell Extraction Plate, 0.5 Bar
TM5, Tempe Cell Extraction Plate, 0.5 Bar, TM5, Tempe Cell Extraction Plate, 1 Bar High Flow
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: TM5
TM5-EP1H
TM5, Tempe Cell Extraction Plate, 1 Bar High Flow
TM5, Tempe Cell Extraction Plate, 0.5 Bar, TM5, Tempe Cell Extraction Plate, 1 Bar High Flow
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: TM5
TM5-EP2
TM5, Tempe Cell Extraction Plate, 2 Bar
TM5, Tempe Cell Extraction Plate, 0.5 Bar, TM5, Tempe Cell Extraction Plate, 1 Bar High Flow
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: TM5
TM-ST
TM5, Tempe Cell Single Stand
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: TM5
TM5-MS
TM5, Nylon Mesh Screen
TM5-MS used in/with: TM5
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: TM5
PF50
TM5, Paper Filter for 50mm Dia Sample Ring, pack of 100
PF50 Used in/with: TM5, EP, Paper Filter, Pack of 100
Max:
Min: 1
Step: 1
More Info
Used in/with: TM5

Learn more about the Soil Moisture Retention Curve

Developing soil moisture retention curve is at the core of soil hydrology studies that aim to understand the soil-water dynamics, such as recharge processes, enhance hydrological models used in climate studies, carbon respiration and sequestration processes, soil-plant-atmospheric systems, and more.

SoilMoisture’s MC Lab Setups are the main (direct) and the most accurate method for creating the Soil Moisture Retention Curve.

Our MC Lab Setups are designed to work with massive numbers of soil samples every day. With minimal maintenance or repair, they’ll last for a lifetime. That is why SoilMoisture Lab Setups are almost always the preferred systems in commercial soil labs, research institutes, and universities.

The range of pressure application is the main factor for selecting the right MC Lab Setup.

A soil moisture retention curve (also called the soil water retention curve or soil water characteristic curve or soil moisture release curve) is a graph that shows the relationship between the soil water content and the soil water potential (or matric potential). It describes how tightly water is held in the soil and how much water is available to plants or for other applications at a certain level of soil wetness.

Soil Water Content (Y-axis): Can be volumetric or gravimetric. This tells you how much water is present in the soil.

  • Volumetric: The volume of water per unit volume of bulk soil.
  • Gravimetric: The mass of water per unit mass of dry soil.

Soil water potential (X-axis): Usually measured in negative pressure units (e.g., kPa or bars), representing the tension (pressure, suction, energy) needed to extract water from the soil. The more negative, the drier and harder it is to extract the water.

  • For wide pressure ranges from very wet to very dry conditions, matric potential is often expressed as the log of the pressure in hPa and is called pF. Historically, pF stands for “potential of Force” or sometimes “pressure Force”.  The “p” stands for the negative logarithm of the Force.  The “F” refers to the force, representing the tension force with which water is held in the soil. pF used to express soil water potential is especially common in European soil science literature. pF is often used to describe the influence of soil properties on the soil moisture regime.  pF simplifies plotting on a graph with wide potential ranges and is useful when working with water retention curves across several orders of magnitude. 
pF

Water Potential

(hPa cm H₂O)

Water Potential (kPa)Water Potential (bar)Typical Soil Condition
01−0.10.001Saturated (near free water)
110−10.01Very wet
2100−100.1Near saturation
2.5316−31.60.33Field capacity
31,000−1001Plant-available water zone
410,000−100010Drying soil
4.215,000−150015Permanent wilting point
5100,000−10,000100Oven-dry soil / hygroscopic water

Components of Soil Water Potential:

Matric potential (Ψm):

Due to adhesion and capillarity between water and soil particles.

Dominant in unsaturated soils.

Gravitational potential (Ψg):

Due to the height of water above a reference level.

Important for water movement in saturated zones.

Osmotic potential (Ψo):

Caused by solutes (e.g., salts) in soil water.

Important for plant uptake but doesn’t affect water flow in the soil.

Pressure potential (Ψp):

Positive in saturated soils under waterhead pressure

Soil Water Content (% of water in the soil) on the Y-axis of a graph is the most widely used format in soil physics, agronomy, and hydrology. It makes sense functionally it shows how water content responds to increasing soil tension. The curve slopes downward, showing less water content as tension (suction) increases.

However, there are graphs where the Soil Water Content is displayed on the X-axis and used in engineering or specific modeling contexts where water content is the independent variable. This curve slopes downward as well, but water potential becomes more negative with decreasing water content.

This SoilMoisture graph presents kPa as a positive value because the SoilMoisture system is placing positive pressure on the soil samples to push the water out. The inverse of this value is the negative pressure that represents the tension, pressure, suction needed to extract (pull) the water from the soil.

  • At high water contents (near saturation), the soil water potential is close to 0 (water is loosely held).
  • As the soil dries, the water potential becomes more negative (water is held more tightly).
  • The shape of the curve depends on the soil texture and structure:
    • Sandy soils release water quickly (steep curve).
    • Clay soils retain water more tightly and release it more slowly (flatter curve).

Important Points on the Curve:

Soil Condition

Approx. Potential (kPa)

Saturation

0

Field Capacity (FC)

−10 to −33

Plant Available Range

 FC to −1500

Permanent Wilting Point

−1500

Oven dry

< −10,000

  • Saturation = maximum water content.
    • The soil’s pores are completely filled with water.
    • Offen happens immediately after heavy rainfall or heavy irrigation.
    • Water is held loosely, and excess drains due to gravity.
  • Field capacity: The amount of water the soil holds after gravity drainage stops.
    • The point where all gravitational water has drained, but the soil still retains water in its pores.
    • Represents the maximum water a soil can hold against gravity (water holding capacity).
  • Available water: The difference between field capacity and wilting point — the water that plants can actually use.
  • Irrigation range: is the target soil moisture level maintained through irrigation practices. It is the lower (wetter) portion of the Available Water range. Irrigation Range starts at Field Capacity, and its dryer limit depends on the plant/crop.
  • Permanent wilting point: Water is held so tightly that plants can no longer extract it.
Moisture Retention Curve System, Ceramic Tension Table, 0 to 75 cbar Vacuum Range

The soil moisture retention curve is determined through laboratory or field measurements that relate soil water content to soil water potential.

Here’s how it’s typically done:

A. Soil Sample Collection
  • Undisturbed soil cores: Soil cores are collected to preserve natural pore structure.  
  • Samples are usually taken at different depths and from different soil types if needed.  The following table shows the different methods of collecting samples.

 

Method of collecting soil sample

Tool / Type

Best for

Pros

Auger Sampling

Hand auger or powered auger. Bucket auger, screw auger, tube auger.

Collecting soil at various depths.

Good for deep profiles and undisturbed cores.

Core Sampling (Soil Cores)

Soil corer (manual or hydraulic).

Collecting undisturbed cylindrical samples for lab analysis (e.g., bulk density, retention curves).

Maintains soil structure; essential for physical property testing.

Shovel or Spade Sampling

Shovel, spade, or trowel.

Surface or shallow soil layers.

Simple and cost-effective.

Probe Sampling

Soil probe (hollow metal rod with a handle).

Quick, uniform sampling for fertility testing.

Easy to use and good for composite samples.

 

Limited depth and doesn’t retain structure.

Pit Sampling

Digging a soil pit (manually or with backhoe).

Detailed soil profile studies.

Visual assessment of horizons, structure, and roots.

Composite Sampling

Mix multiple subsamples from a defined area.

Average nutrient or contamination levels.

Avoid edges, pathways, and abnormal spots for accurate representation.

Grid or Zone Sampling (for precision agriculture)

Probes, augers, GPS.

Large fields and variable-rate fertilizer applications.

Use GPS-guided grid or management zones.

B. Saturation
  • The soil sample is saturated with water to ensure all pores are filled — this marks the starting point of the curve.
C. Stepwise Drying and Measurement

The sample is subjected to a series of decreasing soil water potentials, and water content is measured at each stage.

Common methods (Both provided by SoilMoisture Equipment Corp):

a. Tension Table / Hanging Water Column (0 to ~−30 kPa)

  • Suitable for coarse to medium soils.
  • Applies suction through a porous plate to control matric potential.
  • SoilMoisture offers two types of Tension Table:
    • Sandbox Tension Table: 0 to 30 kPa (0 to 3 mH2O) application range.
    • Ceramic Tension Table: 10 to 50 kPa (0 to 5 mH2O) application range.

Moisture Retention Curve System, 3x Sandbox Tension Tables, 0 to 15 cbar Vacuum Range, Shelf is Not Included   
The SoilMoisture tension Lab Setup consists of a Sandbox Tension Table connected to a hanging Water Column. The height difference between the surface of the saturated sand (shown in yellow) and the dripping port of the Hanging Water Column determines the tension level applied.

b. Pressure Plate Apparatus (-30 to -1500 kPa)

  • Soil is placed on a porous ceramic plate inside a pressure chamber.
  • Known air pressure is applied; water drains out and equilibrates to a specific tension.
  • Water content is measured by weighing (gravimetric method) the soil sample after each equilibrium step (i.e., when water stops moving out of the soil sample at a defined pressure).

     

Left: Main components of a Pressure system, including a source for pressured air, a pressure regulator and stabilizer, and a pressure vessel. Right: soil sample (shown in brown) is placed over a Porous Ceramic Plate (yellow) inside a Pressure Vessel (Blue). Pressurized air inside the Pressure Vessel drives water out of the soil sample into the Porous Ceramic Plate and eventually out of the Pressure Vessel.

Vacuum method (left) vs Pressure Method (right). In the Vacuum Method, the sample is placed over a Tension Table (made of sand, ceramic, glass bid, etc.). Vacuum is applied to the Tension Table extracts water out of the soil sample. In the Pressure Method, the soil sample is placed over a porous ceramic plate inside a Pressure Vessel. Pressurized Air inside of the Pressure Vessel drives water out of the soil sample, through the ceramic plate, and eventually out of the extractor.

D. Plotting the Curve
  • Plot soil water content vs. soil water potential measured in kilopascals (kPa) pressure.
  • The data is often fit to a mathematical model, such as the van Genuchten or Brooks-Corey model, for continuous representation.

Operating Ranges of MC Lab Setup Systems

Moisture Retention Curve System, Ceramic Tension Table, 0 to 75 cbar Vacuum Range
MCT75
Moisture Retention Curve System, 3x Sandbox Tension Tables, 0 to 15 cbar Vacuum Range, Shelf is Not Included
MCT15
MC15

Operating Range of Pressure Vessels and Tempe Cells

SB15, Pressure Vessel, 15 bar Application Range, Rust Resistant (Water+), Including 1080G1 Hing, SB15, Pressure Vessel, 15 bar Application Range, Rust Resistant (Water+), Less 1080G1 Hinge
MCT75
SB5, Pressure Vessel, 5 bar Application Range, Rust resistant (Water+)
MCT15
TM5 TM8 1400 1405

Operating Range of Extraction Plates

Extraction Plate, Ceramic Type 1HB (1 bar Application Range, High Flow)

Hydraulic Specifications of SoilMoisture Ceramics

Composition and Applications

Half-bar Ceramic (CF): High temperature fire, Alumina body, highly porous, high permeability, high flow rate, high mechanical strength, white color, inert surface area, very low ionic exchange capacity. Suitable for tension tables, soil water sampling under low tension (50 kPa and lower).

One Bar Ceramic (C1): Moderate temperature fire, largely Talc body, high porosity, good mechanical strength, ivory white, Suitable for low-range tensiometers, extraction plates, tension tables. Some ionic exchange capacity, not suitable for soil water samplers (chemical analysis of water samples).

One Bar High Flow Ceramic (C1H): High temperature fire, Alumina body, highly porous, high permeability, high flow rate, high mechanical strength, white color, inert surface area, very low ionic exchange capacity. Suitable for extraction plates, tension tables, soil water samplers, and tensiometers.

 Two Bar Ceramic (C2): Moderate temperature fire, ball clay body, good porosity, good hydraulic conductivity, white color, suitable for extraction plates.

Two Bar High Flow Ceramic (C2H): High temperature fire, Silica body (porcelain), good porosity, good hydraulic conductivity, white color, very low ionic exchange capacity, inert surface area, suitable for soil water sampling.

Three Bar Ceramic (C3): Moderate temperature fire, ball clay body, good porosity, good infiltration rate, moderate mechanical strength, hard tannish-white color, suitable for extraction plates.

Five Bar ceramic (C5): Moderate temperature fire, ball clay body, low porosity, low infiltration rate, moderate mechanical strength, hard brownish-white color, suitable for extraction plates.

Fifteen bar Ceramic (C15): Moderate temperature fire, ball clay body, low porosity, low infiltration rate, moderate mechanical strength, hard pinkish tan color, suitable for extraction plates.

Custom-Made Ceramic Items:

Since SoilMoisture ceramics are unique in the world, the company manufactures 1000s of custom-made ceramic items for researchers and manufacturers worldwide each year.  

Please consider the following items when ordering a custom-made ceramic item.

+ Review Standard Options: Before asking for a custom-made ceramic item (which will be more costly compared to a similar standard item), review all our standard ceramic items to see if any of them works for your application.

+ Drawing: If needed, provide us with the drawing of the custom-made item. Drawing is not required for simple shapes like a round plate, a square plate, a cylinder, etc.

+ Dimensions: Make sure to include all the dimensions required to make the ceramic item.

+ Tolerances: This is a critical piece of information that many overlook and fail to provide. Please note that we will be unable to provide you with an item price or manufacture an item unless all the dimensions are provided with their associated tolerances. Our ‘regular’ tolerance is +/-0.020 inches. Tighter tolerances are more costly.

+ Ceramic type: SoilMoisture manufactures 8 types of porous ceramic (CF, C1, C1H, C2, C2H, C3, C5, and C15). You need to choose a ceramic type for your custom-made order. Please note that SoilMoisture does not provide other types of ceramics. In other words, we do not custom-make ceramic types.

+ Quantity: SoilMoisture does not usually offer a price break for quantities lower than 500 units. Nevertheless, the quantity is needed for generating an official price quote.

Operating Range of Pressure/Vacuum Regulator-Stabilizers

MCT75, Precision Vacuum Stabilizer Manifiold, -100 cbar Application Range
Vacuum Stabilizer
TM5, Precision Pressure Stabilizer Manifiold, 2 bar Application Range, Non-Relieving
Pressure Stabilizer

Pressure/Vacuum Source

MC5/15, Heavy Duty Air Compressor, 20 bar, 220V, MC5/15, Heavy Duty Air Compressor, 20 bar, 110V
PM20
PM10
pressure/vacuum manual pump, comes with pressure and vacuum gauges (qty: 1 for several samplers)
PM6
PM5
N Tank

Measuring the soil moisture retention curve matters because it provides critical insight into how water behaves in soil, which directly impacts agriculture, hydrology, and environmental management. The retention curve shows how much water soil holds, when the soil releases it, and how accessible the water in the soil is to plants and processes—making it a cornerstone of both agronomic and environmental science. Here’s why it’s important:

  • Drives water movement in soil and into plants (from higher to lower potential).
  • Determines plant water availability.
  • Essential for irrigation planning, soil modeling, and hydrology.

A. Determines Plant-Available Water

  • The curve defines key thresholds like:
    • Field capacity (water held after drainage)
    • Permanent wilting point (when plants can’t extract water)
  • This helps calculate the available water range for crops, crucial for irrigation scheduling and drought planning.

B. Supports Efficient Irrigation

  • Knowing how much water soil retains and releases helps:
    • Avoid overwatering (leaching, runoff)
    • Prevent underwatering (crop stress)
    • Design precision irrigation systems tailored to specific soil types.

C. Improves Soil and Water Management

  • Helps in:
    • Designing drainage systems
    • Understanding infiltration and percolation rates
    • Managing flood control or groundwater recharge

D. Inputs for Hydrological and Climate Models

  • Many models (e.g., for watershed management, water resource forecast, or climate prediction) need accurate soil hydraulic properties, including the retention curve.

E. Soil Health, Land Slides, and Engineering

  • Helps evaluate:
    • Soil structure and compaction
    • Suitability for construction or waste disposal
    • Impact of land use changes on water retention

F. Environmental and Stormwater Monitoring

  • Useful for:
    • Contaminant transport modeling
    • Wetland and ecosystem studies
    • Assessing soil degradation or restoration